IAI's HAROP Kamikaze DroneSouth Front

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Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) is an infamous producer of various UAVs, one of the most successful models is its HAROP.

The HAROP is a standoff loitering attack weapon system designed to locate and precisely attack targets.

The HAROP loitering missile (LM) type platform serves as an Electro-Optically guided attack weapon.

HAROP LMs are launched from ground-based launchers and controlled via a two-way data link for full man-in-the-loop operation.

HAROP is used to attack high-value targets, including full mission capabilities, from search, through attack and up to battle damage assessment.

Loitering munitions, in a way, combine the characteristics of a missile and a UAV.

The HAROP LMs are programmed before launch by the Ground Control Stations to autonomously fly to a pre-defined “Holding Area”, where they loiter. The MCS periodically checks their position and status during the route to the “Holding Area”.

The Mission Control Shelter (MCS) operator can thus control a number of HAROP LMs that loiter over a “Holding Area”, he can select one LM for target search and attack, while the others are monitored periodically.

The operator directs the selected LM to the target area and uses the video image to select a target, and to attack it.

The HAROP tracks the target and then dives on it, detonating the warhead upon impact. If required the attack can be aborted and the operator can re-attack with the same LM.

The Harop unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) has been developed from the Harpy unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), also developed by the IAI. This combat drone was unveiled in India at the Aero-India show in February 2009.

Customers of the UAV are India, Germany, Turkey, as well as Azerbaijan. These are likely also being used against Armenian targets in Nagorno-Karabakh.

Unlike other UAVs that carry explosive warheads, the Harop itself is the main munition, thus being called a loitering munition, or a suicide drone. The munition system engagements can be approved or the attacks can be aborted using the controller.

The Harop missiles can be launched from various transportable platforms including sea and ground-based canisters or air launched to navigate towards the potential target area. It can be launched at any angle, at a horizontal or vertical trajectory. The sealed container ensures it copes with harsh battlefield conditions. The launcher has a fuelling system to provide all-time readiness.

The Harop navigates and loiters in the combat area after it is launched from a vehicle-mounted container.

“The Harop navigates and loiters in the combat area after it is launched from a vehicle-mounted container.”

When the signals are exposed, it strikes the spot target immediately before its activation. The LM can operate in two guidance modes.

The Harop anti-radar homing system allows it to attack the radio-emitting and moving targets. A non-emitting target such as shutdown radars and suspected ballistic missile sites are detected by the electro-optical sensor of the RF seeker. It allows the operator to attack these targets, which are not detected by the automated homing system.